ABSTRACT
Some patients have symptoms and signs of angina pectoris and relevant evidence of ischemia,but coronary angiography suggested no obvious coronary stenosis.Part of them is caused by coronary microcirculation dysfunction (CMD),which cannot be clinically identified early due to current techniques.Microcirculation dysfunction is corre-lated with occurrence of major clinical events,which can be used as strong predictor for prognosis.Therefore,un-derstanding of its pathological mechanism is help to guide the diagnosis and treatment.The present article made a re-view on pathological mechanism and typing of CMD.
ABSTRACT
Some patients have symptoms and signs of angina pectoris and relevant evidence of ischemia,but coronary angiography suggested no obvious coronary stenosis.Part of them is caused by coronary microcirculation dysfunction (CMD),which cannot be clinically identified early due to current techniques.Microcirculation dysfunction is corre-lated with occurrence of major clinical events,which can be used as strong predictor for prognosis.Therefore,un-derstanding of its pathological mechanism is help to guide the diagnosis and treatment.The present article made a re-view on pathological mechanism and typing of CMD.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of progesterone (PROG) on learning and memory and P2X7 receptor expression in the hippocampus after global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12) that were normal group, sham-operated group, I/R group and I/R+ PROG group. The global cerebral I/R injury models were established by improved Pulsinelli's four vessel occlusion, the learning and memory were evaluated by Y-maze, the expression of P2X7 receptor protein in the hippocampus were detected by the immunofluorescence, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the hippocampus were detected with hydroxylamine oxidation method, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the hippocampus were detected with pen-thiobarbituric acid method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant difference of the learning and memory and positive expression cells of P2X7 receptor protein and the activity of SOD and the content of MDA in the hippocampus between normal group and sham-operated group. Compared with sham-operated group, the learning and memory of I/R group were significantly decreased (P < 0.01), Compared with I/R group, the learning and memory of I/R + PROG group were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Compared with sham-operated group, the positive expression cells of P2X7 receptor protein in the hippocampus of I/R group was significantly increased (P < 0.01), Compared with I/R group, the positive expression cells of P2X7 receptor protein in the hippocampus of I/R + PROG group was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Compared with sham-operated group, the activity of SOD in the hippocampus of of I/R group was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and the content of MDA in the hippocampus of I/R group was significantly increased (P < 0.01). Compared with I/R group, the activity of SOD in the hippocampus of I/R+ PROG group was significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the content of MDA in the hippocampus of I/R + PROG group was significantly decreased (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PROG could improve the learning and memory ability following global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats, the protective mechanism might be associated with down-regulating the expression of P2X7 receptor protein and attenuating oxygen-derived free radicals in the hippocampus.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Brain Ischemia , Metabolism , Psychology , Hippocampus , Metabolism , Malondialdehyde , Metabolism , Maze Learning , Progesterone , Pharmacology , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Receptors, Purinergic P2X7 , Metabolism , Reperfusion Injury , Metabolism , Psychology , Superoxide Dismutase , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the changes of lead,zinc,copper,iron and calcium in blood of chronic poisoned infantal mice.(Methods) Forty-eight 21 day-old kunzea mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,each having 12 mice.Distilled water group was as control group and other three lead acetate poisoning groups had a dose of 10,20,40 mg/kg,respectively.The poisoning was carried out by lavage once a day,and consecutively for 46 days.Eyeballs of mice were picked then for blood sampling,and BS trace element analysis grapher was used to determine level of lead,zinc,copper and iron.Level of calcium was measured by Dimentional-RXL auto-biochemistry analysis meter.Results The lead and zinc levels in poisoned mice blood were increased with increasing lead acetate level administration,while zinc level changed inversely with lead acetate level.Significant differences were shown among control group and poisoning groups in terms of lead(P0.05).Conclusion Lead posioning can lead to zinc decreasing and copper(increa)-sing,which suggests that zinc works as a poential antidote of lead poisoning.